Prepare Ingredients: Ensure rice is cold and clumpy rice is broken apart. Mince garlic and chop green onions.
Sauté Garlic: Heat vegetable and sesame oils in a large skillet or wok over medium heat. Add garlic, sautéing until golden brown.
Fry Rice: Increase heat to high, add rice and stir well to coat with garlicky oil. Break up any clumps.
Season: Add soy sauce, salt, and white pepper. Stir quickly to evenly distribute the seasonings. If using, sprinkle in chili flakes.
Add Extras: Incorporate your choice of protein or vegetables, if using. Stir well to combine.
Garnish: Remove from heat, mix in green onions, and transfer to a serving dish. Garnish with additional onions, shallots, or sesame seeds as desired.