Prepare the Pears: Peel the pears, keeping the stems intact. Core the pears from the bottom using a melon baller.
Make the Poaching Liquid: In a large saucepan, combine sugar, vanilla bean, cinnamon stick, cloves, lemon peel, and water. If using juice, substitute it for wine. Bring the mixture to a simmer over medium heat, stirring until the sugar dissolves.
Poach the Pears: Gently place the pears into the poaching liquid. Cover with a round of parchment paper to keep the pears submerged.
Cook the Pears: Let the pears cook for 30 to 40 minutes, or until tender when pierced with a fork. Slow cooking ensures they absorb the rich flavors.
Reduce the Liquid: Once the pears are cooked, remove them with a slotted spoon. Increase the heat and reduce the poaching liquid until it becomes syrupy.
Serve: Drizzle the reduced syrup over the pears. Serve warm or cold for a delightful dessert.